Planing machine



April 29, 1941. F- x FEHRENBACH ErAL 2,239,707

PLANING MACHINE Filed Nov. 2, 1958 'INVENTOR llglughhllllhll!! Patented Apr. 29, 1941 Frank X. Fehrenbach, Edward F. Copes, and n Albert-Di Benedetto, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application November 2, 1938, Serial No. 238,394

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as' amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) 4 Claims.

ers.' When such universal draw-cut shaper is used for the particular Work of operating on a propeller, it is necessary, when using the prior feed attachment, for `the r-am head that holds the cutting tool to make a full stroke on its return in order to actuate the mechanism that control-s the feed of the saddle and of the Work table in synchronism, regardless of how short a portion of the stroke is used in doing the actual cutting. This method isparticularly undesirable because of the Waste `of time involved, as well as the unnecessary Wear and .tear on the heavy and expensive mechanism. In doing such propeller Work, the cutting tool is in contact with the Work only about one-third of the time during the first lpart of the cut. This cutting contact gradually changes as the cut goes over the blade until it crosses the center region of the blade. At this 4point the cutting tool is in cutting contact With the Work during the full stroke but as the cut progresses further the same condition is .approached :as existed at the beginning of the cut. As the cutting 4continues the saddle carrying the cutter must be raised and the table carrying the propeller must be rotated in .proper synchronism. With the attachment of this invention this necessary operation can be performed in synchronism While the motion of Ithe ram itself can be limited so that the length of its stroke is substantially identical with the length of the cut instead of necessitating a full length stroke and a one-third more or less length cut as at present.

It may be stated that in ordinary sha'per Work the conventional clutch, connecting rod 4and quadranttherein operate the column and saddle feeds and the lengthening and shortening of the cut stroke does not interfere With the feed move- 'ments However, on propeller Work Where a true pitch is to be machined, Vit is necessary to synchronize the movements of the saddle and the work, .and because of this the standard feed mechanism of the machin-e is entirely disengaged. Prior'to this invention an` attachment was added for synchronizing the movements of the saddle to the work but such prior .attachmentwas dependent on the ram making ya full length stroke, irrespective of the length of the cut. The'present yattachment of the lpresent invention utilizes the conventional motion of the clutch, connecting rod and quadrant rather than the ram itself and synchronizes the movement of the saddle and the Work irrespective of the length of this stroke of the ram.

It is also possible with this attachment to adjust t-he length of the stroke on the ram 'and thus of the cutter without stopping the operationof the machine, thus making a further saving of time available.

With the above and other objects in View the invention consists in thel construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in

of the control ratchet and tension friction lbrake thereon.

There is shown at I 0 a universal shaper ram to which may be secured the cutter I I. This shaper ram I0 is reciprocally .carried by the vertically movable saddle I2, the length of the stroke of the ram I0 being adjustably controlled by the tappets I3 and I4 in a conventional manner in the prior art and particularly described and shovvn at 46 'and 4l in the patent to Morton, 550,004.

n The saddle I2 may be vertically Imoved on the column I5 by the vertical elevator screw shaft i6. This shaft I-a is, in turn, gea-red to the horizontal kshaft I1 by the beveled pinions I8 and I9. This horizontal shaft Il extends through and' is keyed to the control ratchet 20.

The other end .of the horizontal shaft I1 is .provided With a beveled pinion 2| geared to a beveled pinion 22 on a shaft 23 which, in turn, controls the rotation of a gear 24 forming with gear 25, a pant of a vgear train (not shown) for controlling the rotation of .a Work -carrying table (not shown, but well known in the prior art and illustrated in some ofthe aforementioned patents). v I l It is apparent that rotation of control ratchet 20 will thus raise the saddle I2 and rotate the Work table in proper synchronism, according to the size of the particular gears placed in the gear train, which, in turn, varies with the work being performed. rI'he reciprocation of the ram I9 is caused by rthe oscillating friction clutch 26 in which operates the cross-head 21. Secured to the cross-head 21 is one end of the connecting rod 28, Whose other end controls the oscillation of an Iarm 29 which is pivoted at 30. The free end of this arm 29 carries a geared quadrant at one end forming part of rthe usual feed. mechanism, ibut in this case such quadrant is `disconnected from its operating parts and hence is not shown.

The rod 28 and arm 29 are journalled together on one end of a shaft 30, being held thereon by the nut 53. The other end of this shaft 30 carried a friction clutch housing 3'. This housing 3| includes a pair of clutch shoes 32 and 33 and friction linings 34 adapted to be tightened by means of adjusting screws 35 about a rod 36 eX- tending therethrough. At the upper end, this rod 36 may be provided with a female socket 31 for attaching an additional piece of rod of the same diameter thereto. At the lower end, this rod 36 is' pivoted to one end 380i an arm 39 oscillatable about the shaft l1 as a center and closely adjacent to the control ratchet 20. Pivoted on the arm 39 at 49 is a pawl 4l provided with reversible pawl teeth 42 and 43, While a tension spring 44 anchored to the arm 39 at 45 urges the tooth 43 into mesh With the teeth of control ratchet 29. Obviously, rotating the pawl 4l about its pivot 40 will cause the other tooth 42 to mesh with the control ratchet 2U for reverse rotation of the control ratchet 20.

The oscillation of arm 39 is limited by the adjustable stops 46 and 41 supported on a bracket 48on the base 49. An angle bracket 59 on base 49 carries a tension friction brake 5l adjustably pressing a pair of friction pads 52 against the sides of control ratchet 20 preventing momentum from causing the gear 29 to rotate beyond the amount it is positively'urged by the oscillating pawl tooth 43 and likewise preventing accidental reversal of the control ratchet under the reverse drag of the pawl.

In operation, the tappets i3 and i4 are set to limit the travel of the ram I9 to the desired length, and may be adjusted while the machine is inioperation to take care of a progressively changing length of cut. As the ram reciprocates, the oscillating clutch 26 causes connecting rod 28 to oscillate arm 29 about its pivot 30, all of this just mentioned mechanism being carried by the saddle l2, and thus moved vertically as the saddle rises or falls.

im the arm 29 is oscillated, it causes the shaft 30 tolikewise oscillate. The shaft 39 is secured by the friction housing I34 to the rod 36 which is pivoted on the pawl carrying arm 39. Hence, as the arm 29 is oscillated, it causes the rod 36 to transmit this oscillation to the pawl carrying arm 39, which, in turn, through the pawl 4l causes the control ratchet 2D to rotate in one direction only a distance determined by the adjustable stops 46 and 41. As the control ratchet 29 is rotated, it rotates the horizontal shaft I1, which, as already described, causes the vertical screw threaded shaft I6 to move the saddle I2 vertically and simultaneously rotates the propeller or Work carrying table in proper synchronism.

However, as the saddle is moved vertically, the

shaft 30likewise moves vertically, and the friction housing 3| is so adjusted by means of the screws 35 that it will transmit the oscillation motion to the rod 36, but will slip to permit vertical movement between the housing 3l and the rod 33. In this manner, the saddle and its associated mechanism may move vertically yet transmit motion to the Work carrying table in proper synchronism While the length of the stroke of the ram may be kept in minimum proportion to the length of the cut made by the ram. Each reciprocation of the ram causes one oscillation of the connection rod 28 and thus one oscillation of the pawl arm 39 and thus one measured and synchronized movement of the saddle and of the Work table.

Other modifications and changes in the proportions and arrangements of the parts may be made by those skilled in the art Without departing from the nature of the invention, within the scope of what is hereinafter claimed.

The invention described herein may be manufactured yand/or used by or for the Government of the- United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature of this invention, what is claimed is:

l. In combination With a vertically movable and horizontally reciprocable shaper ram, a vertically movable ram carrying saddle, operating means for vertically moving the saddle, including a rotatable control ratchet, ram stroke controlling yoscillatory means carried by said saddle for reciprocating said ram, and a ram attachment comprising means connecting said rotatable vertical control ratchet to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means.

2. In combination with a vertically movable and horizontally reciprocable shaper ram, a vertically movable ram carrying saddle, operating means for vertically moving the saddle, including a rotatable control ratchet, ram stroke controlling oscillatory means carried by said saddle for reciprocating said ram, and a ram attachment comprising means connecting said rotatable vertical control ratchet to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means, said connecting means including an oscillatory pawl carrying arm, a rod pivotally connected to said arm and a friction housing secured to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means of said saddle, said friction housing embracing said rod to transmit the oscillatory motion of said saddle carried ram stroke controlling oscillatory means to said pawl oarrying oscillatable arm.

3. In combination with a vertically movable and horizontally reciprocable shaper ram, a vertically movable ram carrying saddle, operating means for vertically moving the saddle including a rotatable control ratchet, ram stroke controlling oscillatory mleans carried by said saddle for reciprocating said ram, and a ram attachment comprising means connecting said rotatable vertical control ratchet to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means, said connecting means including an oscillatory pawl carrying arm, a rod pivotally connected to said arm and a friction housing secured to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means of said saddle said friction housing embracing said rod to transmit the oscillatory motion of said saddle carriedY ram stroke controlling oscillatory means to said pawl carrying oscillatable arm, means on said friction housing foradjusting said housing to oscillate said rod as said saddle carried ram controlling oscillatory means oscillates and`to -slide vertically as the saddle moves vertically.

4. In combination with a vertically movable and horizontally reciprocable shaper arm, a vertically movable ram carrying saddle, operating means for vertically moving the saddle, including a rotatable control ratchet, ram stroke controlling oscillatory means carried by said saddle for reciprocating said ram, and a ram attachment comprising means connecting said rotatable vertical control ratchet to said ram stroke controlling oscillatory means, said connecting means including an oscillatory paWl carrying arm, a rod pivotally connected to said arm and a friction 15 

